Maximum Weights

• Max Landing Weight: 4342 lbs. / 1969 kg
• Max Zero Fuel Weight: 4000 lbs. / 1814 kg
• Standard Empty Weight 2823 lbs. / 1280 kg
• Maximum Useful Load 1747 lbs. / 792 kg
• Maximum Weight in Forward Baggage: 100 lbs. / 45 kg
• Maximum Weight in Aft Baggage: 100 lbs. / 45 kg

Baggage Compartments Weights and Space

• Maximum Weights:
  -> Forward: 100lbs/45kg
  -> Aft: 100lbs/45kg
• Volume:
  -> Forward: 15.3 ft³/ 0.43 m³
  -> Aft: 24.0 ft³ / 0.68 m³

Airspeed Limitations

• Vne Never Exceed: 195
• Vno Max structural cruise: 163
• Va Maneuvering speed:
  -> @ 4570 lbs (1840 kg): 136
  -> @ 3068 lbs (1391 kg): 121
• Vfe Flaps extended: 107
• Vmc Minimum Control Speed: 66
• Vfe Flaps extended: 107
• Vle Maximum gear extended: 129
• Vlo Maximum gear “extending”: 129
• Vlo Maximum gear “retraction”: 107

Airspeed Indicator Markings

• Green Arc (normal Operating range): 63 to 163
• Yellow Arc (caution range – smooth air): 163 to 195
• White Arc (flaps extended): 61 to 107
• Red Radial Line (never exceed): 195
• Red Radial Line (minimum control): 66
• Blue Radial Line (best rate climb single engine): 89

Power Plant Limitations

• Rated Horsepower at sea level: 200
• Rated Horsepower at 12,000 ft: 215
• Maximum RPM: 2575
• Maximum Manifold Pressure (inches): 40
• Maximum Cylinder Head Temp.: 460°
• Maximum Oil Temp.: 240°
• Maximum oil pressure: 100 PSI
• Minimum oil pressure: 10 PSI
• Minimum fuel flow: 3.5 PSI
• Maximum fuel flow: 20 PSI to 25 GPH

Power Plant Instrument Markings

• Tachometer – Green Arc (normal range): 500 rpm to 2575 rpm
• Tachometer – Red Line (maximum): 2575 rpm
• Fuel Flow and Pressure:
  -> Green Arc: 3.5 PSI to 20 PSI
  -> Red Line (max): 25 GPH (20 PSI)
  -> Red Line (min): 3.5 PSI
• Cylinder Head Temperatures:
  -> Maximum (red line): 460 °
  -> Normal Range (green arc): 360 ° to 460 °
• Oil Temperature:
  -> Maximum 240 °
  -> Normal Range (green arc): 100 ° to 240 °
• Oil Pressure:
  -> Maximum: 100 PSI
  -> Minimum: 10 PSI
  -> Caution: 80 to 100 PSI
• Manifold Pressure:
  -> Normal Range (green arc): 10 to 40 inches HG
  -> Maximum (red line): 40 inches HG
  -> Exhaust Gas Temperature Red Line: 1650° F

Maneuver Limits

• All intentional Acrobatic Maneuvers are prohibited
• Flight Load Factor Limits (flaps up):
  -> Positive Load Factor (Max.): 3.8 G
  -> Negative Load Factor (Max.): 0.0 G
  -> No inverted maneuvers approves

Types of Operations

• Day/Dia: VFR
• Night/Noite: VFR
• Day/Dia: IFR
• Night/Noite: IFR
• Icing Conditions when equipped per section: 2.25 of the pilot operations manual

Operating Altitude Limitations

• Flight above 25,000 feet is not approved.
• Flight up to 25,000 if equipped with supplemental oxygen.

Noise Levels

• 2 blade Propellers: 73.5 dB(A)
• 3 blade Propellers: 76.4 dB(A)

• Minimum Single Engine Control: 66 KIAS
• Best Single Engine Rate Climb: 89 KIAS
• Best Single Engine Angle Climb: 78 KIAS
• Maneuvering: 121 KIAS
• Never Exceed: 195 KIAS

• Inoperative Engine: Feather and Secure
• When Landing Assured: Landing Gear Extend Wing Flaps Extend to 10° Maintain Additional Altitude and speed during approach
• Final Approach Speed: 91 KIAS
• Wing Flaps: Extend to 25°

• Fuel Selector INOP Engine: On
• Aux. Fuel Pump INOP Engine: Off
• Throttle: Open ¼ Inch
• Propeller Control: Forward to Cruise RPM Pos.
• Mixture: Rich
• Magneto Switches: On
• Starter: Engage until Prop Windmills
• Throttle: Reduce power to warm engine
• If Engine does not start: Prime as required
• Alternator: On

• CRUISING—Using Fuel from Tank on same side as Operating Engine
  -> Fuel Selector Operating Engine: On
  -> Fuel Selector INOP Engine: Off
  -> Aux. Fuel Pumps: Off
• CRUISING—Using Fuel from Tank on side Opposite Operating Engine
  -> Fuel Selector Operating Engine: Cross-Feed
  -> Fuel Selector INOP Engine: Off
  -> Aux. Fuel Pumps: Off
• LANDING
  -> Fuel Selector Operating Engine: On
  -> Fuel Selector INOP Engine: Off

Spins

• Throttles: Idle
• Rudder: Opposite direction of spin
• Control Yoke: Release Back Pressure
• Control Yoke: Full forward if nose does not drop
• Ailerons: Neutral
• Rudder: Neutral after Rotation Stops
• Control Yoke: Smooth Backpressure to recover from Dive

Emergency Descent

• Throttles: Closed
• Propellers: Full Forward
• Mixture: As Required
• Landing Gear: Extend
• Airspeed: 129 KIAS

****************************************************

NORMAL PROCEDURES CHECKLIST

Before Starting Engines

• Seats: Adjusted
• Seat Belts: On
• Parking Brake: On
• Circuit Breakers: In
• Radios: OFF
• Cowl Flaps: Open
• Alternate Air: Off
• Alternators: On

Starting Engines

• Fuel Selector: On
• Mixture: Rich
• Throttle: ½ Open
• Propeller: Forward
• Master Switch: On
• Ignition Switches: On
• Propeller: Clear
• Starter: Engage
• Primer Button: On as Required
• Throttle: Retard when engine starts
• Oil Pressure: Check
• Repeat for Opposite Engine
• Alternators: Check
• Gyro Pressure: Check

Starting Engines when Flooded

• Mixture: Idle Cut-Off
• Throttle: Full Forward
• Propeller: Forward
• Master Switch: On
• Ignition Switch: On
• Aux. Fuel Pump: Off
• Propeller: Clear
• When Engine Starts:
  -> Throttle: Retard
  -> Mixture: Advance Slowly

Starting Engines-External Power

• Master Switch: Off
• All Electrical Equipment: Off
• Terminals: Connect
• External Power Plug: Insert into receptacle
• Proceed with Normal Start Procedures
• Throttles: Lowest Possible RPM
• External Power Plug: Disconnect
• Master Switch: On-Check Ammeter
• Oil Pressure: Check

Warm Up

• Throttles: 1,000 to 1,200 RPM

Taxing

• Chocks: Remove
• Taxi Area: Clear
• Throttle: Apply Slowly
• Brakes: Check
• Steering: Check
• Instruments: Check
• Heater and defroster: Check
• Fuel Selector: ON, Check Cross-Feed
• Autopilot: Off

Before Takeoff – Ground Check

• Parking brake: Set
• Mixture Controls Forward
• Propeller Controls: Forward
• Throttle Controls: 1000 RPM
• Manifold Pressure Lines: Drain
• Propeller Controls: Check Feathering (300 RPM Max. Drop)
• Throttle Controls: 1900 RPM
• Propeller Controls: Check Governor
• Propeller Controls: Full Forward
• Alternate Air: On, then Off
• Magnetos: Check, Max. Drop 150 RPM (Max. Differential 50 RPM)
• Alternator Output: Check
• Gyro Pressure: 4.5 to 5.2 inches Hg
• Throttles: 800 to 1000 RPM
• Fuel Selectors: On
• Alternators: On
• Engine Gauges: In the Green
• Altimeter: Set
• Attitude Indicator: Set
• Directional Gyro: Set
• Clock: Set
• Mixtures: Set
• Propellers: Set – Full Forward
• Quadrant friction: Set
• Alternate Air: Off
• Seatbacks: Erect
• Wing Flaps: Set
• Trim: Set
• Seat Belts: On
• Controls: Free – Full Travel
• Doors: Latched
• Aux. Fuel Pumps: Off
• Pitot Heat: As Required

Takeoff Cautions

• Do not exceed 40 inches Manifold Pressure.
• Fast Taxi turns immediately prior to takeoff run can cause temporary malfunction of one engine during takeoff.
• Normal sea level takeoff at 39” Hg and 2575 RPM.
• Adjust mixture prior to takeoff for High Elevation Airports.
• DO NOT EXCEED 40” Hg Manifold Pressure

Normal Takeoff (Flaps Up)

• On Runway
• Strobes: On
• Transponder: On
• Landing Light: On
• Flaps: Up
• Stabilator Trim: Takeoff Range
• Power: Apply full throttle 39” Hg
• Accelerate to: 66-71 KIAS
• Ease back Control Yoke to Climb Attitude. After Lift-Off Accelerate to 89 KIAS (Vyse)
• Gear: Up

Short Field Takeoff (Flaps Up)

• On Runway
• Strobes: On
• Transponder: On
• Landing Light: On
• Flaps: Up
• Stabilator Trim: Takeoff Range
• Brakes: Set
• Power: Apply full throttle 39” Hg
• Brakes: Release
• Accelerate to: 66 KIAS
• Rotate and Trim to: 71 KIAS through 50 ft
• Obstruction Clearance: Accelerate to 79 KIAS
• No Obstruction: Accelerate to 89 KIAS
• Gear: Up

Short Field Takeoff (Flaps 25°)

• On Runway
• Strobes: On
• Transponder: On
• Landing Light: On
• Flaps: 25°
• Stabilator Trim: Takeoff Range
• Brakes: Set
• Power: Apply full throttle 39” Hg
• Brakes: Release
• Accelerate to: 61 KIAS
• Rotate to: 69 KIAS through 50 ft
• Obstruction Clearance: Accelerate to 79 KIAS
• No Obstruction: Accelerate to 89 KIAS
• Gear: Up

Takeoff Climb

• Mixture: Full Rich
• Propeller Speed: 2575 RPM
• Manifold Pressure: 40 inches Hg Max.
• Climb Speeds:
  -> Best Angle: 76 KIAS
  -> Best Rate: 89 KIAS
• Cowl Flaps: As required

Cruise Climb

• Mixture: Full Rich
• Prop Speed: 2450 RPM
• Manifold Pressure: 31.5 inches Hg
• Climb Speed: 102 KIAS
• Cowl Flaps: As required

Cruising
Refer to Performance Charts for Power Settings

• Power: Set
• Cowl Flaps: As Required
• Mixture: Adjust
• Engine Gauges: Monitor

Descent

• Mixtures: Enrich with descent
• Throttles: Cruise Setting
• Cowl Flaps: CLOSED

Approach and Landing

• Gear Warning Horn: Check
• Airspeed: 98 KIAS downwind
• Seat backs: Erect
• Seat Belts: On
• Fuel Selectors: On
• Cowl Flaps: As Required
• Aux. Fuel Pumps: Off
• Mixture Controls: Set
• Propellers: Set
• Landing Gear: Down – 129 KIAS
• Flaps: Set as Required
• Base Leg: 97 KIAS
• Final: 87 KIAS
• Close Final: Power - Reduce
• Propeller Controls: Full Forward

Go Around

• Full Takeoff Power: 40” Hg Max.
• Flaps: Retract
• Gear: Up
• Cowl Flaps: Adjust

After Landing

• Clear of Runway
• Transponder: Off
• Strobes: Off
• Landing Light: Off
• Radios: Set
• Flaps: Up
• Cowl Flaps: Full Open
• Alternate Air: Off

Shutdown

• Heater: Fan 2 min. then off
• Radio and Electrical Equipment: Off
• Mixture Controls: Idle-Cut-Off
• Magnetos Switches: Off
• Master Switch: Off
• Parking Brakes: Set as Required